Category: Windows
Zune
The Windows 7 smartphone use the Zune. The Zune software is a program for your PC that lets you sync music, videos, and pictures between your computer and your phone. It also lets you install the latest performance and feature 
updates for your phone.
To sync multimedia files between your phone and your PC, you’ll need to install a free program called Zune software on your computer. The Zune software for your PC helps you organize your multimedia collection, choose what to sync to your phone, and even download new stuff from Zune Marketplace.
Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync
The Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync is a synchronization protocol that enables users of mobile devices to access email, calendar, contacts, and tasks from their organization’s Microsoft Exchange server. Exchange ActiveSync is based on XML, and works on HTTP and HTTPS. Exchange ActiveSync allows users to access their data even when offline.
Exchange ActiveSync is a Microsoft Exchange synchronization protocol that’s optimized to work together with high-latency and low-bandwidth networks.
Windows XP, main files and folders
The main files and folders of Windows XP are in boot and active drive, before you should ensure you have profer option to be able to see those files. Open the Windows explorer:
In the Folder Options
dialog box, click the View tab.
On Advanced Settings, scroll down.
Select Show hidden files and folders
Deselect Hide extensions for known file types
and Hide protected operating system files (Recommended). Apply
After that you will on C:\ those files:
C:\
ntldr
ntdetect.com
boot.ini
The three files in the bullet list are the start up boot files of Windows XP
The following directories:
C:\Windows\system32 (find ntoskrnl.exe (the operating system kernel) and msdos.exe
C:\Windows\system32\config this folder contains the System hive (Registry files)
c:\windows\system32\drivers this contains system drivers for services and hardware devices
C:\Documents and Settings holds the user profiles of users who have signed on to this computer
C:\Program Files -contains installed applications
Maintenance and troubleshooting tools in XP,Vista, 7 and 8
Maintenance and troubleshooting tools in XP,Vista and 7
| Tool | Is it available in Windows Vista and Windows 7, 8? | Is it available in Windows XP? | How do you access it? | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Add or Remove | No | Yes | Via the Control Panel. | Uninstalls, repairs, or updates software or device drivers. |
| Advanced Boot Options Menu | Yes | Yes | By pressing the F8 key when Windows first starts to load. | Helps you Troubleshoot boot problems. |
| Automated System Recovery (ASR) | No | Yes | Via the Windows XP setup CD. | Acts as a last resort for system recovery. |
| Backup (ntbackup.exe) | No | Yes | By entering ntbackup.exe in the Run dialog box in Windows XP and pressing Enter. |
Restores the system state, data, and software from previously made backups. |
| Backup and Restore Center | Yes | No | Via the Start menu. | Backs up system and user data. |
| Boot logging | Yes | Yes | By pressing F8 at startup and selecting it in the Advanced Boot Options menu. | Helps you determine the source of an unknown startup error. |
| Bootcfg (bootcfg.exe) | No | Yes | By entering bootcfg at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Lets you review the contents of the Boot.ini file. |
| Cacls.exe | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering cacls with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Helps you gain access to a file when permissions to the file are in error or corrupted. |
| Chkdsk (chkdsk.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering Chkdsk with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Checks and repairs errors on a volume or logical drive. |
| Cipher.exe | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering cipher with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Lets administrators decrypt a file that isn’t available because the user account that encrypted the file is no longer accessible. |
| Compact.exe | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering Compact with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Displays and changes the compressions applied to files and folders. |
| Computer Management (compmgmt.msc) | Yes | Yes | Via the Control Panel or by entering compmgmt.msc at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Lets you access several snap-ins to manage and troubleshoot a system. |
| Defrag.exe | Yes | Yes | Via the command prompt by entering defrag with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Defragments a drive to improve drive performance and access time. |
| Device Driver Roll Back | Yes | Yes | From Device Manager. | Lets you replace a driver with the one that worked before the current driver was installed. |
| Device Manager (devmgmt.msc) | Yes | Yes | From the Windows Vista or Windows 7 System window or System Properties window in Windows XP. | Resolves problems with hardware devices, updates device drivers, and disables or uninstalls devices. |
| Disk Cleanup (cleanmgr.exe) | Yes | Yes | Via the Properties dialog box on a drive or by entering cleanmgr at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Lets you delete unused files to free up disk space when insufficient free hard drive space is causing boot problems. |
| Disk Defragmenter (dfrg.msc) | No | Yes | Via the Properties dialog box on a drive or by entering dfrg.msc at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Defragments a volume to improve disk performance. |
| Disk Defragmenter (dfrgui.exe) | Yes | No | Via the Properties dialog box on a drive or by entering dfrgui.exe at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Defragments a volume to improve disk performance. |
| Disk Management (diskmgmt.msc) | Yes | Yes | From the Computer Management console, or by entering diskmgmt.msc at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Lets you view and change partitions on hard drives as well as format drives. |
| Driver Signing and Digital Signatures (sigverif.exe) | Yes | Yes | By entering sigverif with parameters at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Verifies that software has been approved by Microsoft. |
| Driver Verifier (verifier.exe) | Yes | Yes | By entering verifier.exe at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Lets you identify a driver that is causing problems. |
| Error Reporting | Yes | Yes | Runs automatically in the background. | Displays error messages when an application error occurs. |
| Event Viewer (eventvwr.msc) | Yes | Yes | From the Computer Management console. | Checks the Event Viewer logs for error messages. |
| Group Policy Editor (gpedit.msc) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering gpedit.msc and pressing Enter or by using the Computer Management console. |
Lets you display and change policies that control how users are authorized to use their computers. |
| Last Known Good Configuration | Yes | Yes | By pressing F8 at startup and selecting the relevant option from the Advanced Boot Options menu. | Reverts the system to an instance prior to when a Windows setting, driver, or application caused a problem. |
| Memory Diagnostics (mdsched.exe) | Yes | No | By entering mdsched.exe at a command prompt and pressing Enter. |
Tests the system’s memory (this requires a reboot). |
| Performance Monitor (perfmon.msc) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering perfmon.msc and pressing Enter. |
Displays information about a system’s performance. |
| Program Compatibility Wizard | Yes | Yes | Via a desktop shortcut to a legacy application. | Resolves issues that prevent legacy software from working. |
| Programs and Features window | Yes | No | Via the Control Panel. | Uninstalls, repairs, or updates software or device drivers. |
| Recovery Console | No | Yes | From the Windows XP setup CD. | Troubleshoots a Windows XP startup problem and recovers data from the hard drive. |
| Registry Editor (regedit.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering regedit and pressing Enter. |
Lets you review and edit entries stored in the registry. |
| Runas.exe | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering runas with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Runs a program using different permissions than those assigned to the currently logged-on user. |
| Safe Mode | Yes | Yes | At startup, by pressing F8 and selecting the relevant option from the Advanced Boot Options menu. | Restarts Windows in a sandboxed mode if it won’t start normally or if it starts with errors. |
| SC (sc.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering sc with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Stopsor starts a service that runs in the background. |
| Services (services.msc) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering services.msc and pressing Enter. |
Launches a version of sc.exe that has a graphical user interface, or GUI. |
| Software Explorer | Yes | No | From the Windows Defender window. | Lets you view and change programs that launch at startup. |
| System Configuration Utility (msconfig.exe) | Yes | Yes | By entering msconfig.exe in the Windows Vista Start Search box and pressing Enter or by doing the same in the Run box in Windows XP. |
Troubleshoots the startup process. |
| System File Checker (sfc.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering sfc with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Verifies the version of all system files when Windows loads. |
| System Information (msinfo32.exe) | Yes | Yes | By entering msinfo32.exe and pressing Enter in the Search box in Windows Vista or Windows 7 or the Run box in Windows XP. |
Displays information about hardware, applications, and Windows. |
| System Information (systeminfo.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering systeminfo and pressing Enter. |
Launches a text-only version of the System Information window. |
| System Restore | Yes | Yes | From the Start menu or when loading Safe Mode. | Restores the system to a previously working condition; it restores the registry, some system files, and some application files. |
| Task Killing Utility (tskill.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering tskill with parameters and pressing Enter. |
Stops or kills a process or program currently running. This tool is useful when managing background services such as an e-mail server or Web server. |
| Task Lister (tasklist.exe) | Yes | Yes | At a command prompt, by entering tasklist and pressing Enter. |
Lists currently running processes similar to the list provided by Task Manager. |
| Task Manager (taskman.exe) | Yes | Yes | By right-clicking the taskbar and selecting Start Task Manager. | Lists and stops currently running processes. |
| Windows Defender | Yes | No | Via the Control Panel. | Monitors system activity and alerts you if a running program appears to be malicious or damaging the system. |
| Windows File Protection | Yes | Yes | Runs automatically in the background. | Runs in the background to protect system files and restore overwritten system files as needed. |
| Windows Firewall | Yes | Yes | Runs automatically in the background. | Runs in the background to prevent or filter uninvited communication from another computer. |
| Windows Recovery Environment (recenv.exe) | Yes | No | From the setup DVD in Windows Vista or Windows 7 that includes a graphic and command-line interface. | Resolves startup problems. |
| Windows Update (wupdmgr.exe) | Yes | Yes | Via the Start menu. | Updates the system by downloading the latest patches from the Microsoft Web site. |